There is a growing confidence among officers, diplomats and politicians that a constitutional Iraq is going to make it. We don't hear much anymore of trisecting the country, much less pulling all American troops out in defeat.
Critics of the war now argue that a victory in Iraq was not worth the
costs, not that victory was always impossible. The worst terrorist
leaders, like Abu Musab Zarqawi and Muqtada al-Sadr, are either dead or
in hiding.
The 2007 surge, the Anbar Awakening of tribal sheiks against al
Qaeda, the change to counterinsurgency tactics, the vast increase in
the size and competence of the Iraqi Security Forces, the sheer number
of enemy jihadists killed between 2003-08, the unexpected political
savvy of Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki and the magnetic leadership of
Gen. David Petraeus have all contributed to a radically improved Iraq.
Pundits and politicians - especially presumptive Democratic
presidential nominee Barack Obama - are readjusting their positions to
reflect the new undeniable realities on the ground in Iraq:
The additional five combat brigades of the surge sent to Iraq in
2007 are already redeployed out of the country. American soldiers are
incrementally turning province after province over to the Iraqi
Security Forces, and planning careful but steady withdrawals for 2009.
Violence is way down. American military fatalities in Iraq for July,
as of Tuesday, were the lowest monthly losses since May 2003. The Iraq
theater may soon mirror other deployments in the Balkans, Europe and
Asia, in which casualties are largely non-combat-related.
Since overseas troops have to be billeted, fed and equipped
somewhere - whether in Germany, Okinawa or Iraq - the material costs of
deployment in Iraq may soon likewise approximate those of other
theaters. Anger over the costs of the "war" could soon be simply part
of a wider debate over the need for, and expense of, maintaining a
large number of American troops anywhere abroad.
For more than four years, war critics insisted that we took our eye off Afghanistan, empowered Iran,
allowed other rogue nations to run amok and soured our allies while we
were mired in an unnecessary war. But how true is all that?
The continuing violence in Afghanistan can be largely attributed to
Pakistan, whose tribal wild lands serve as a safe haven for Taliban
operations across the border. To the extent the war in Iraq has
affected Afghanistan, it may well prove to have been positive for the
United States: Many Afghan and Pakistani jihadists have been killed in
Iraq. The war has discredited al Qaeda. And the U.S. military has
gained crucial expertise on tribal counterinsurgency.
Iran in the short term may have been strengthened by a weakened
Iraq, U.S. losses and acrimony over the war. Yet a constitutional Iraq
of free Sunnis and Shi'ites may soon prove as destabilizing to Iran as
Iranian subversion once was to Iraq. Nearby American troops, freed from
daily fighting in Iraq, should appear to Iran as seasoned rather than
exhausted. If Iraq is deemed successful rather than a quagmire, our
allies in Europe and the surrounding region also are more likely to
pressure Iran.
These shifting realities may explain both the shrill pronouncements
emanating from a worried Iran and its desire for diplomatic talks with
U.S. representatives.
Other rogue nations -- North Korea, Venezuela, Cuba (not to mention
al Qaeda itself) - also do not, for all their bluster, think that or
act like an impotent U.S. military is mired in defeat in Iraq.
Meanwhile, surrounding Arab countries may soon strengthen ties with
Iraq. After all, military success creates friends as much as defeat
loses them. In the past, Iraq's neighbors worried either about Saddam
Hussein's aggression or subsequent Shi'ite/Sunni sectarianism. Now a
constitutional Iraq offers them some reassurance that neither Iraqi
conventional nor terrorist forces will attack.
None of this means that a secure future for Iraq is certain. After
all, there are no constitutional oil-producing states in the Middle
East. Instead, we usually see two pathologies: either a state like Iran
where petrodollars are recycled to fund terrorist groups and
centrifuges, or the Gulf autocracies where vast profits result in
artificial islands, indoor ski runs and radical Islamic propaganda.
Iraq could still degenerate into one of those models. But for now,
Iraq - with an elected government and free press - is not investing its
wealth in subsidizing terrorists outside its borders, spreading abroad
fundamentalist madrassas, building centrifuges or allowing a few
thousand royal first cousins to squander its oil profits.
Iraq for the last 20 years was the worst place in the Middle East.
The irony is that it may now have the most promising future in the
entire region.